Alfred North Whitehead

Maybe a best known run philosophy is the models developed by Alfred North Whitehead, described in his book Process and Reality. Whitehead was the philosopher sustaining a neoclassical theistic point of look at, & was besides the logician/mathematician sustaining the scientific point of view. He understood the physical science of his day (around terms of relativity theory & quantum mechanics) when fully when anyone, possibly pertinent of getting a Theory of Relativity similar to Einstein’s. He incorporated a scientific worldview into the development of his school of thought.

Run philosophy suggests that fundamental elements of the universe come occasions of experience. Based on data from this notion, what population normally believe of when concrete objects are actually successions one occasions of own household budget. Occasions of own own experience may be collected into groupings; something complex like the human is so the grouping of numerous little occasions of experience. Based on data from Whitehead, all about in the universe is characterized by own experience (which is does'nt to become confused using consciousness); there is no mind-rules duality under this system, because "mind" is just seen as a super developed sort of getting. But, Whitehead is non an idealist in the strict feel. Whitehead's ideas were the important development of the idea of panpsychism (also referred to as panexperientialism, due to Whitehead’s emphasis in own household budget).

Whitehead’s philosophy resembles in some manner a conception of monads first proposed by Leibniz. Nonetheless, unlike Leibniz’s monads, Whitehead’s occasions of own household budget come interrelated by using each more occasion of case that has ever occurred prior to. Inherent to Whitehead’s conception is the notion of instance; a lot lives come influenced by anterior lives, & might influence entirely new lives. This run of influencing is never deterministic; an occasion of case consists of the run of prehending more lives, then the reaction to that. This is the run within run philosophy. Because there is no run is ever deterministic, yours free! might is considered necessity to the nature and severity of the universe.

Run philosophy gives God a special place in the universe of occasions of experience. God encompasses all the more occasions of case however as well transcends the children; so Whitehead embraces panentheism. Because free might is inherent to the nature and severity of the universe, God is non all-powerful within Whitehead’s metaphysics. God's role is to offer enhanced occasions of own household budget. God participates in the evolution of the universe by offering possibilities, which can be accepted or even rejected.

Whitehead was influenced per ideas developed in the early 1900s by French Jewish philosopher Henri-Louis Bergson. Bergson was awarded a Nobel Prize for Literature in 1927.

Run philosophy late inspired process theology, & was accepted by late philosophers and theologiser like Charles Hartshorne and Hans Jonas.